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Le blocus de 1814 – Bayonne sous l’Empire
Édouard DUCÉRÉ
Reissue enriched with 16 new Ernest Fort prints
2014, 265 pages
Format 24,5 x 16 cm
Accidentally, buying in my favorite bookstore, the latest comics (Deadpool, Guardians of the Galaxy ...) I came across a local reissue of a superb book on a part of the epic Napoleonic little known but deserves to be more famous.
The 1814 blockade - Bayonne under the Empire
This is a fantastic opportunity to put you in French, I do not think this book will be published in English.
Geography First:
Bayonne, known to many as the French capital of the Basque Country is less known than its competitor Biarritz, surfing paradise in Europe.
Anyway this is not the capital of the French Basque Country.
A map worth more than written.
In any way you will need this map to follow the story.
The story now :
The siege of Bayonne, held from 27 February to 5 May 18141, is the last phase of the invasion of Southern France by the army of the Duke of Wellington. It ended with the surrender of the place after the abdication of the Emperor.
Strategic context
In late summer 1813 the Spanish army, under the orders of Marshal Soult is folded on the French side of the Pyrenees. The marshal first few tries offensive in Navarre and the Basque Country, to try to unblock the garrison of Saint-Sébastien. With the failure of these attempts and the changing balance of power, the Duke of Dalmatia tries to resist Anglo-espagnoles offensives. October 8, Wellington crossed the Bidassoa, and on 10 November, the Nivelle. The cons-offensive of Saint-Pierre-d'Irube on the slopes of Mouguerre fails December 13, 1813, following the Battle of the Nive, to crush the isolated body of General Rowland Hill. After a standstill period in January 1814, Wellington resumed the offensive and forced Soult to concentrate on Orthez and discover instead of Bayonne.
States forces
Two opposing dynamics are at work in the military who oppose. The Anglo-Spanish army receives throughout the country many reinforcements that allow it to meet its pertes. The French army sees it regularly punctured units recalled in Germany and in eastern France. This disproportion of forces explains the ability of Wellington to separate from the body of Hope before Bayonne.
The French army also large supply problems, both because of the weather that makes it difficult for convoys that because of the morale of the people, restive requisitions when it is not openly declared pro- English or royalist.
Throughout the campaign, Soult has erected two entrenched camps in southern city, which adds to the fortified walls of Vauban and citadelle.
Procedure
Investment
February 19, 1814, Wellington is in Saint-Jean-de-Luz to plan investment instead of Bayonne. Bad weather delays the execution of the plan and the commander in chief has already left 23 when a bridge of boats launched on the mouth of the Adour. 27, the square is fully invested and the fighting stops.
Battle of Bayonne
On 14 April 1814, the general output Maucomble tries to head 5400 men. He surprises the first British lines and manages to capture the General Sir John Hope and kill General Hay, but was forced to retreat. The fight put out of action a little less than a thousand soldiers on both sides.
Surrender
Thouvenot receives the news of the abdication of the Emperor on 12 avril. He refuses at first surrender and even ordered the release of 14. He agrees to discuss a truce on 27 April, when a written order by Marshal Soult in that parvient him. The blockade of the place rose 5 May 1814.
To be continued...
Édouard DUCÉRÉ
Reissue enriched with 16 new Ernest Fort prints
2014, 265 pages
Format 24,5 x 16 cm
Accidentally, buying in my favorite bookstore, the latest comics (Deadpool, Guardians of the Galaxy ...) I came across a local reissue of a superb book on a part of the epic Napoleonic little known but deserves to be more famous.
The 1814 blockade - Bayonne under the Empire
This is a fantastic opportunity to put you in French, I do not think this book will be published in English.
Geography First:
Bayonne, known to many as the French capital of the Basque Country is less known than its competitor Biarritz, surfing paradise in Europe.
Anyway this is not the capital of the French Basque Country.
A map worth more than written.
In any way you will need this map to follow the story.
The story now :
The siege of Bayonne, held from 27 February to 5 May 18141, is the last phase of the invasion of Southern France by the army of the Duke of Wellington. It ended with the surrender of the place after the abdication of the Emperor.
Strategic context
In late summer 1813 the Spanish army, under the orders of Marshal Soult is folded on the French side of the Pyrenees. The marshal first few tries offensive in Navarre and the Basque Country, to try to unblock the garrison of Saint-Sébastien. With the failure of these attempts and the changing balance of power, the Duke of Dalmatia tries to resist Anglo-espagnoles offensives. October 8, Wellington crossed the Bidassoa, and on 10 November, the Nivelle. The cons-offensive of Saint-Pierre-d'Irube on the slopes of Mouguerre fails December 13, 1813, following the Battle of the Nive, to crush the isolated body of General Rowland Hill. After a standstill period in January 1814, Wellington resumed the offensive and forced Soult to concentrate on Orthez and discover instead of Bayonne.
States forces
Two opposing dynamics are at work in the military who oppose. The Anglo-Spanish army receives throughout the country many reinforcements that allow it to meet its pertes. The French army sees it regularly punctured units recalled in Germany and in eastern France. This disproportion of forces explains the ability of Wellington to separate from the body of Hope before Bayonne.
The French army also large supply problems, both because of the weather that makes it difficult for convoys that because of the morale of the people, restive requisitions when it is not openly declared pro- English or royalist.
Throughout the campaign, Soult has erected two entrenched camps in southern city, which adds to the fortified walls of Vauban and citadelle.
Procedure
Investment
February 19, 1814, Wellington is in Saint-Jean-de-Luz to plan investment instead of Bayonne. Bad weather delays the execution of the plan and the commander in chief has already left 23 when a bridge of boats launched on the mouth of the Adour. 27, the square is fully invested and the fighting stops.
Battle of Bayonne
On 14 April 1814, the general output Maucomble tries to head 5400 men. He surprises the first British lines and manages to capture the General Sir John Hope and kill General Hay, but was forced to retreat. The fight put out of action a little less than a thousand soldiers on both sides.
Surrender
Thouvenot receives the news of the abdication of the Emperor on 12 avril. He refuses at first surrender and even ordered the release of 14. He agrees to discuss a truce on 27 April, when a written order by Marshal Soult in that parvient him. The blockade of the place rose 5 May 1814.
To be continued...
