February 13, 1953

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Martin Antonenko

A Fixture
Joined
Jul 11, 2008
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8,994
The massacre of Oradour-sur-Glane


On February 13, 1953, a French military tribunal at Bordeaux...



...convicts 21 former SS soldiers - all members of the 3rd company of the 4th SS Panzergrenadier Regiment "Der Führer" belonging to the 2nd SS Panzer Division "Das Reich"...:









Two death sentences are pronounced, all other SS men are sentenced to long prison terms.

Heinz Bernard Lammerding


...former SS group leader and lieutenant general of the Waffen-SS is also sentenced to death in absentia as former commander of the 2nd SS Panzer Division "Das Reich".

They are the perpetrators or commanders of the Oradour-sur-Glane massacre.

Shortly after 2 p.m. on June 10, 1944, around 150 soldiers from the 3rd company of the 4th SS Panzergrenadier Regiment “Der Führer” belonging to the 2nd SS Panzer Division “Das Reich” surrounded the village of Oradour-sur-Glane...:





The villagers are first herded together in the market square and then, after more than an hour, the SS divides them into men, women and children.

The more than 400 women and children are crammed into the small church. After about an hour and a half, SS people ignited a smoke bomb in a box in front of the altar with sticking gas, which caused acrid smoke and panic. When the windows of the church burst, those trapped were shot at and thrown at with hand grenades.
Escape attempts were also prevented by heavy shelling.

Eventually fire was set in the church; the wooden truss of the church tower burst into flames and eventually smashed through the nave roof onto the trapped crowd.



The 47-year-old farmer Marguerite Rouffanche alone...



... manages to flee through a window into a nearby pea bed, in which she, badly injured by five shots from a machine gun salvo, endures until the next day and thus survives.

Rouffanche testifies in Bordeaux as the main witness of the facility...:





While the women burn, the remaining 200+ men and older boys are locked in garages and barns.

In response to a signal shot, the SS men simultaneously opened fire to liquidate them. The piles of corpses are then set on fire with the help of straw, without regard to injured survivors.

Only five men manage to escape in time; she was also seriously injured.

The SS murdered a total of 642 people in Oradour, of whom only 52 could later be identified. Among the dead were 207 children and 254 women.

Then what is left of the village is completely destroyed by the SS.

The whole action was ordered as an act of revenge after actions by French partisans from Berlin, who had managed to take the department capital Tulle for a short time in the days before...



...when the city was recaptured, 122 members of the German Wehrmacht were killed...:



**continued next post**
 
Part II


The verdict of February 13, 1953 caused quite a stir in France because 14 Alsatians were among those convicted, some of them forcibly drafted into the SS.

While the process is still ongoing, the French Parliament...



... hastily passes a law banning the joint prosecution of the French (to whom they count the Alsatians) and Germans.

The court takes the new law into account by pronouncing judgments for the two groups separately.

A German SS man and Charles Boos from Alsace...



...who had volunteered for the SS received the maximum penalty - the guillotine!

The remaining 18 defendants are sentenced to between eight and twelve years of hard labor. An accused Alsatian is acquitted.

Now all hell broke loose - in Alsace, the published opinion took over, and there were real riots!









On the one hand, this has to do with genuine outrage, on the other hand, many Alsatians who had collaborated with the Nazi rulers during the German occupation - and now fear being held responsible themselves - are also involved.

Again the French Parliament intervenes - and hastily enacts another law rehabilitating ALL the Alsatians without exception, overturning the Bordeaux sentences against them!

The Alsatians, including everyone sentenced to death, are immediately released - and will remain unpunished in the future.

The verdicts against the Germans are quietly commuted to prison terms, and the convicts are released shortly thereafter. The two death sentences against the absent Lammerding and the German convicted by the court are after some time - also tacitly - commuted to life imprisonment.

"For life" in this case means six years - because in 1959 these perpetrators were also released from prison.

So it is that, apart from those mentioned here, none of the perpetrators - after all, more than 150 soldiers - was held accountable - in the Federal Republic not a single former SS man was accused of the Oradour-sur-Glane massacre.

The West German judiciary repeatedly backed down to the position that the main person responsible was the battalion commander at the time, SS-Sturmbannfuhrer Adolf Diekmann...



...who bears sole responsibility.

And - how practical: Diekmann was killed on June 29, 1944 during the fighting in Normandy...:



Also Lammerding, who undeterred after the war continued to profess his Hitlerite "convictions" and boasted about his Nazi medals...



...remained completely unscathed!

In the second successor state to the collapsed Hitler Reich, the GDR, at least one person was hit:

In the mid-1970s, the State Security – responsible for investigating Nazi crimes in the GDR – tracked down Heinz Barth.

Initially, he was only investigated because of his involvement in shootings in the former Czechoslovakia; after a few years, investigators uncovered his involvement in the Oradour massacre.

Barth (in the front of the next picture)...



... had been the leader of the 1st Platoon of the 3rd Company of the Panzergrenadier Regiment "Der Führer" as SS Obersturmfuhrer. 45 soldiers were under him, to whom he gave orders, among other things, to shoot 20 men who were locked in a garage.

He was tried in 1983 before the first criminal division of the Berlin City Court...:





Barth was sentenced to life imprisonment.

In 1997 he was released from prison in reunified Germany.

Due to his severe war injuries (he had lost a leg), he even received a war victim's pension at times, but this was withdrawn after protests and the amendment of the Federal Pensions Act (BVG). Barth died in August 2007.

The completely destroyed Oradour-sur-Glane is still there to this day as the SS unit left it after the murders - as a memorial...:













https://figure-mad.com/smf2/index.php?action=reporttm;topic=670.25;msg=154590
 
A aweful massacre for sure , with nobody involved really paying for the horror

It's right the village should remain as it is ......a visual reminder of war at its worse

Nap
 
I've been there - very depressing!

(It was very difficult for me to leave the beautiful old car parts behind...)


Cheers
 
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