October 3, 1904

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Martin Antonenko

A Fixture
Joined
Jul 11, 2008
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9,001
The Butchery In "Deutsch Südwest" Goes On ...!


After German colonial troops under their notorious Commander-in-Chief General Lothar von Trotha had bloodily suppressed the Herero uprising at the Battle of Waterberg. and Trotha in his gruesome "extermination order" ...



... had announced to drive the Herero into the waterless Omaheke desert and to surrender the entire people there to death by dying of thirst, the German rulers in the colony "Deutsch Südwest-Afrika" (today Namibia) think they are victorious and once again lords of the situation.

They are wrong!

The German general's extermination order ...



... outraged another "great man" (read: tribal leader) in such a way that he officially declared war on the Germans in writing on October 3rd, 1904!

The tribal leader is called Hendrik Witbooi ...



... and his people call themselves "Nama" or "Witboois" - the Germans speak contemptuously of "Hottentots".

Nevertheless, experienced German commanders like the relieved governor, Colonel Theodor Leutwein ...



... who have been in the country for a long time, the military strength of the Nama!

In the battle of the Waterberg against the Herero, a division of Nama fought on the German side who were deployed as snipers and scouts ...:

The Nama department was headed by the German Lieutenant Karl Henning Konrad von Burgsdorff, who spoke their language (here he stands next to Hendrik Witbooi (who can be seen on the far left) ...



... and the members of the association wore black-white-red armbands (the colors of the German flag at that time!) to make them known as German combatants ...:



Unsuspecting, this department camped next to the German "Schutztruppe" at Waterberg when Hendrik Witboois war declaration is notoced in the German field camp ...:



General von Trotha orders immediately to disarm, chain and imprison the Nama ...:



Then he writes Hendrik Witbooi a letter that is no less notorious than the "Herero extermination order" ...:

“To the rebellious Hottentots.

The mighty, great German emperor wants to grant the people of the Hottentots grace so that life may be given to those who surrender voluntarily.

Only those who murdered whites or ordered them to be murdered at the beginning of the uprising have forfeited their lives according to the law.

I make this known to you and also say that the few who do not submit will be the same as the people of the Hereros, who in their delusion also believed that they could deal with the mighty German Kaiser and the great German people successfully have war.

I ask you, where are the Hereros people today, where are their chiefs today? Samuel Maharero, who once owned thousands of cattle, ran across the English border, chased like a wild animal, he has become as poor as the poorest of the field heroes and no longer owns anything.

The same happened to the other great men, most of whom lost their lives, and to the whole Hereros people, who partly starved and thirsted in the sand, partly killed by German horsemen, partly murdered by the Ovambos. (The latter is an outright lie! Note M. R.)

The Hottentot people will fare no differently if they do not voluntarily surrender their weapons. You should come with all of your village communities with a white cloth on a stick and nothing should happen to you.

You will get work and board until the end of the war the great German emperor will regulate the situation in the area again.

Anyone who believes that grace does not apply to them should emigrate, because wherever they can be seen in German territory they will be shot at until all are destroyed.

I set the following reward for extraditing those guilty of murder, dead or alive. For Hendrik Witboi 5000 marks, for the other leaders 1000 marks each. "

At that time 1,000 marks was the multiple annual earnings of a German skilled worker!

But Witbooi and his people don't even think about submitting to the bloody German general!

They disappear into the inaccessible bush and wage their war against the foreign rulers. Hendrik Witbooi had carefully studied the dispute between the Germans and the Herereos and drawn his conclusions from it.

Unlike the Herero, he does not seek open field battles because he has seen that the Germans can then fully exploit their technical superiority.

He had also noticed that the Germans - despite considerable reinforcements arriving from home - had far too few soldiers to completely occupy and secure the entire colony.





Instead, Witbooi wages the "little war", the guerrilla, and the German soldiers have nothing to oppose to his hit and run strategy.

Their furious reprisals either go nowhere or hit bystanders ...





... which leads Witbooi to more determined fighters.

The Nama can defeat the Germans several times in different battles - from June 15 to 17 at Narus on the Kareb River, as Witbooi's subordinate Jakob Morenga ...



... defeated a German detachment under Hauptmann Franz Siebert!



After this battle, the Germans reluctantly and appreciatively call Morenga the "black Napoleon" ...

In contrast to the Hereros, who could be defeated in a very short time with their strategy of open field battle, the Nama manage to assert themselves against the Germans with their tactics for several years.

They raid remote outposts, clumsy ox-wagon convoys with supplies for the Germans ...



...und kleinere Patroillen...:



Und immer wieder schlägt Jakob Morenga zu - und wo er mit seinen Leuten auftaucht, kriegen die Deutschen regelmäßig Schläge.

Am am 13. September in den Zarisbergen gegen ein großes Detachement unter Oberstleutnant Georg Ludwig Rudolf Maercker...





...der dabei selbst schwer verwundet wird, 15. November 1905 die Abteilung unter Major Friedrich von Erkert...



...and so on.

The German losses rise and rise - an end to the conflict is not in sight!


**continued next post**
 
Part II


But this end comes surprisingly and quickly:

On October 29, 1905, Hendrik Witbooi, heart, soul and strategist of the resistance, died in a fight near Fahlgras (a waterhole about 60 kilometers west of Koës, today Kleinvaalgras) when he and his men tried to ambush a German transport column.

15 minutes after he was shot while riding a horse, he falls - bleeding to death from the horse inside. Presumably a bullet in the liver killed him.



Today Hendrik Witbooi is a national hero in Namibia ...:

[url=https://abload.de/image.php?img=1_925147ku8.jpg] [/URL]

The Nama then surrendered.

The "black Napoleon" Morenga escapes with a few loyal followers. He continued the guerrilla war - against all white colonialists - until he was killed in a skirmish with units of the British Cape Police...



... on September 19, 1907 near Eenzamheid.

There is a pretty interesting book about Morenga ...:



On November 2nd, the controversial General von Trotha will be replaced - the Reichstag majority in Berlin had threatened to block the military budget if the mass murderer remained in office and dignity!
Kaiser Wilhelm II can only wrest the face-saving form of a self-requested resignation from the Reichstag.

The Nama are locked up together with the few surviving Herero in concentration camps (they are officially called that!) Near Okahandja, Windhoek and Swakopmund, sometimes in chains ...:



[url=https://abload.de/image.php?img=1_92516njil.jpg] [/URL]



The Germans had copied this new establishment of the "concentration camps" from the British in South Africa, who used such camps ("concentration camps") for their defeated enemies after the Boer War.

One-sided nutrition and bad water claimed thousands of lives among the Nama and the Hereros!

Healthy prisoners were used for forced labor in building roads, roads and railways. The conditions were so harsh that not even half of the prisoners survived the hardships ...:



And then there is the German staff "doctor" Hugo Bofinger, a predecessor (and brother in spirit!) of the SS "doctor" Josef Mengele at Auschwitz:



"Doctor" Bofinger was looking for a cure for the malnutrition disease scurvy and used captured Nama as human experiment victims by injecting them with all sorts of substances and performing autopsies after the death of his "test subjects".

He prepares body parts of his victims for "anatomical research" ...:



The man remained completely unmolested and was even allowed to publish a book about his human experiments in 1910. He died in 1953.

In Berlin the conflict over the bloody suppression of the Nama and Herero continued to grow. The situation came to a head when the deputy of the "resigned" General von Trotha, Colonel Bertold Deimling ...



... introduces the concentration camps and the death rates become known there.

The Reichstag refuses by a large majority to release further funds for the repression measures in "German Southwest".

Even the recall of Daimling ordered by Wilhelm II does not change this (who is ennobled by the Kaiser for his "merits" after his return!).

Chancellor von Bülow sees no other option than to dissolve the stubborn Reichstag after the angry "supreme warlord" Wilhelm II threatened to deploy troops!

The subsequent Reichstag elections on January 25, 1907 went down in German history as the "Hottentot elections".

On March 31, 1907, the official end of the state of war was announced, the concentration camps were gradually dissolved and the few survivors released.

But Wilhelm II would not have been Wilhelm II if he had not donated an extra medal for all participants in the "campaign" in "Deutsch-Südwest" ...:



Incidentally, the order was also given to members of the British Cape Police who killed Morenga. With a special clasp!



As with the Herero, the Federal Republic of Germany has to this day avoided any kind of compensation - no matter how small it may be ...

After all, in 2019 Germany got the stolen Bible and the whip of Hendrik Witbooi, which were kept in the Linden Museum in Stuttgart ...





... returned to Namibia! The arrival of these two personal belongings of the honored freedom fighter in Namibia was an event of national importance ...:



The Bible and whip by Hendrik Witbooi are shown today in the National Museum of the capital Windhoek ...:

 
Fascinating! I've read a bit about German involvement in SW Africa in WW1 but this pre-war period is mostly unknown to me. Thanks Martin(y)
 
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